Photographic shutter.



N0. 704,781. Patented luly l5, |902.

G. S. DEY.

PHOTUGRAPHIO SHUTTER.

(Application filed Jul? 30, 1900.)

3 Sheis-Sheet I.

No. 704,731. Patented July I5, 1902.

G. S. DEY. PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

(Application filed July 30, 1900.) Model.) 3She e ts-Shaet 2.

1m: Norms P zrzns ca. PHOTO-HTML) WASNINGTON n. c.

I No. 704,78l. I Patented luly 15, I902.

G.'S. DEY.

PHUTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

(Application filed 80, 1900.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GILBERT S. DEY, OF ROCHESTER, NEl VYORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE GUND- LACH OPTICAL COMPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NE\Y YORK, A CORPORA- TION OF NE? YORK.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 704,781, dated July 1 5, 1902.

Application filed July 30, 1900. Serial No. 25,210. (Model-l T0 aZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GILBERT S. DEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented an Improvementin Photographic Shutters, of which the following is a specification. v

Heretofore it has been common in photographic shutters to employ an exterior head or drum the turning of which acted to set the shutter, and the rotation and adjustment of the parts connected therewith acted to control the extent and time of the opening of the shutterblades and the exposure imparted thereby.

The objects of my invention are to dispense with this head, to reduce the number of parts, to simplify the construction, and make the operation of the parts of the shutter mechanism more positive, perfect, and reliable.

In carrying out my invention I employ a device for actuating the shutter-blades and by which they may be set without being'moved and by which they are positively locked in either position. This device is advantageously made so that a pause is produced in the full-open position of the blades and at the end of the outward movement and before the return movement begins. This pause is especially advantageous in keeping the blades at the full-open position from the release of the bulb-lever to the engagement of the timelever. I also employ a device adjustable to the several positions of time, bulb, and instantaneous exposures and also the graduated predetermined time exposures, which latter exposures are controlled by a pneumatic dash-pot and devices controlled thereby, which are adapted to hold the blades full open for the predetermined periods. This latter device is independent of the shutteractuating device and in its several positions controls and sets the intervening mechanism acting upon and controlling the shutter mechanism, all of which devices are hereinafter more particularly set forth.

In the drawings, Figure l is an elevation representing my improvement. Fig. 2 is an elevation with the hood removed and with the device adj ustable to the various exposures partly shown, Fig. 2 specially representing simply the devices connected to the front part of the case. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the devices connected to the back part of the case and a section through the hood. Fig. at is a section of the case and plan of the shutter mechanism shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is an elevation in its generic form of the devices for effecting the time, bulb, and instantaneous movements. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the parts adapted to effect thegraduated predetermined time exposures, and which parts in the complete shutter are to be added to the parts shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 represents the devices effecting the time movement of the shutter. Fig. 8 represents the devices in the position for effecting the instantaneous movement, the position of the parts for effeeling the bulb movement being shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 9 represents the parts effecting the graduated predetermined time eX- posures in full lines in their normal position and in dotted lines in the set position to which they have been raised with the dashpot preparatory to being released by the movement of the lever actuated by the bulb. Fig. 10 shows the lifting and dash-pot lovers in the normal position retained by them without movement during the time, bulb, and instantaneous exposures; and Fig. 11 is a section and partial plan of the operating and yoke levers, showing the tapering groove of the operating-lever.

The front part of the case is represented at a and the back part at Z), and the aircylinder and piston at c and the pneumatic dash-pot at d are connected in the usual manner upon the face of the front part a of the case. The lens-barrels a, as shown, are connected to the front and back portions of the case, and b represents the diaphragm- ;ing or light-shield of the shutter, and c a finger-lever for releasing the shutter mechanism when desired instead of using the ordinary bulb. The hood 6 is provided with graduations (shown in Fig. 1) for time, bulb, and instantaneous, as well as graduated predetermined time exposures, which, as shown in Fig. 1, are the fiftieth, the quarter, and the half of a second and one second and two seconds; but these graduations may be any divisions of time desired. This hood 6 is secured to the back part of the shutter-case and is slotted for the projecting upper end 7a or handle of the operating-lever, and the finger-lever c is pivoted to the back portion of said hood and is slotted for the screws controlling the movement of the same, and its lower end comes beyond the case and its tail end beneath the end Z of the releaselever Z to raise the same .and release the shutter mechanism. The usual iris-diaphragm (not shown) is preferably placed behind the shutter.

The back part of the shutter-case b is provided with two pins 2 3 at opposite points, and I provide metal plates ff, perforated and placed over these pins, the said plates moving on said pins as pivots, and these plates are provided with upturned ends at. The shutter-blades are shown at g h, there being, by preference, two blades g and one intermediate blade h, the two blades g being pivoted to the pin 2 and the blade 77. to the pin 3, so that said shutter-blades rest upon the plates ff, and the upturned ends of these plates pass through holes in the shutterblades and stand out beyond the surface of the shutter-blades. A yoke-lever t is pivoted to the back of the case at and by the screw 5, the said lever swinging on said screw as a pivot. This yoke-lever is shown as provided with four slots 6, the pivots 2 3 passing through two of the slots and acting as guides for the yoke-lever and the upturned ends of the plates ff passing through the other two slots 6, as will be seen specially from reference to Fig. 3.

The device for actuating the shutter-blades or, in other words, the operating-lever 7c is pivoted by a screw 7 to the back Z) of the case, a spring 8, resting against a part of the case and passing around the pivot-screw and with an upturned end passing through a slot in the said lever, being employed for actuating the operating-lever and returning it to the normal position. This operating-lever is provided-with a stop-pin 9 and the time-pin 10, and its upper end or projection forms a handle 70, the pin 9 being within the case and the pin 10 outside of the case within the hood 6. This operating-lever is provided with a slot 11, having opposite inclines and an appreciable intermediate portion connecting the approaching ends of the said inclined portions and which are preferably made concentric with the pivot-screw 7, and a pin 13, projecting from the surface of the yoke-lever 1', passes through the slot 11 of the operatinglever, and in the back surface of the operating-lever there is a groove 12 for the pin 13 to travel in as the yoke-lever is swung to the right hand from the position shown in Fig. 3 to its extreme movement in order to set the shutter-blades. This groove 12 is of Varying depth and deepest at the right-hand side of the operating-lever near the normal position of the pin 13, as shown in Fig. 3, and is shallowest at its left-hand end and at the set point of the operating-lever 75, where the parts yield and spring as the pin 13 passes through the groove 12, the parts coming to a normal position as the pin 13 passes into the slot 11, so that the pin 13 then catches on the edge of the slot upon the metal of the operating-lever. I provide a slot 142111 the front case a, through which the pin 9 of the operating-lever passes, and a slot 15 in the top of the hood, through which the handle 70' of the operating-lever passes. The parts shown in Fig. 3 are in their normal position, and if now the hand grasps the upperend of the operatingleverand moves the same toward the right-hand side of Fig. 3 the pin 13, without moving the other parts of the mechanism, will travel through the groove 12 and will catch on the nearest edge of the slot 11, and the spring 8 will then be under tension ready to operate the yoke-lever and the shutter-blades, the said parts in the extreme right-hand position of the operatinglever being held in place by the stop-pin 9 of the operating-lever passing behind the tooth 18 of the release-lever Z. This release-lever Z is of approximately the shape shown particularly in Figs. '7and 8 and is pivoted at 16 on the back of the front case a. It is provided with a return end Z, engaging the upper end of the piston of the air-cylinder c, and a spring 17, connected at one end to the said release-lever, is connected at the other end to the front case for actuating the said release-lever and returning the same to a normal position after the lever has been raised by the piston of the air-cylinder. This release-lever is upwardly curved, so that the outline of the slot 1-i of the front case generally comes within the dimensions of the said release-lever, said lever having a tooth 1S projecting across the face of the said slot, and as the operating-lever 7.: is swung to a right-hand or set position the pin 9 under-rides the tooth 18, lifting the release-lever, which is drawn down after the pin 9 passes beneath the point of the tooth, so that the tooth engages the pin 9 to hold the operating-lever in a set position. This movement, as hereinbefore stated, is effected without operating or in any sense opening the shutter-blades.

m is the bulb-lever, having a spring 19 and pivoted at 20 to the case a and having a pin 21 and a hook 22 at its free end. The timelever 11 is pivoted at 23 to the back face of the release-lever Z, and said time-lever is provided with a pin 24, moving through a slot 25 of said release-lever. The lifting-lever o and the dash-pot lever 9' are pivoted together by a screw 27, the said lifting-lever having a pin 26 projecting from its face. The dashpot lever 1' is pivoted at 28 to the front of the case a, and its free end is slotted and connected by a screw r to the upper end of the plunger of the dash-pot, and said dash-pot lever is provided with a spring 29, adapted to return the same downward to the normal position, and with a rising lip projection 0' The release-leverl and dash-pot lever '2' are in parallel planes.

The device that I employ and which is ad justable to the several positions of time, bulb, and instantaneous and the predetermined time exposures indicated by the face of the hood e, and which device is adapted to control the intermediate mechanism, consists, preferably, of a cam-ring s, fitting around the lens-barrel and held in place by a ring 30. This cam-ring in its generic form, as shown in Fig. 5, is provided with a cam-slot 31 for the pin 2 1 of the time-lever n and with a cam edge 32, adapted to control the position of the pin 21 of the bulb-lever m. This cam ring according to the construction Fig. 6 and when used for the graduated predetermined time exposures is provided with a calm slot 33, receiving the pin 26 of the lifting-lever 0, in addition to the cam-slot 31, and this cam-ring is provided with a pointer s, adapted with the swinging forward-and-backward movement of the cam-ring to be brought to the lines upon the hood which indicate the various positions to which the shutter may be set. (See Fig. 1.) In the operation of the shutter and with special reference to Fig. 7 the cam-ring has been turned around toward the left, so that the pointer comes to the position of time. In this position the pin 21 does not come in contact with the cam edge 32, so that the bulb-lever m is free to move, the pin 24 of the time-lever n, however, being in the extreme end of the cam slot 31 at its most distant point from the are ial center of the shutter. Consequently the time-lever n is held with reference to the re lease-lever in the position shown in Fig. 7, where its toothed end comes in the path of the pin 9. ver has been set and its pin 9 is held by the tooth 18 of the release-lever when the bulb connected to the air-cylinder c is operated and the release-lever Z is raised, the bulb-lever m is free to follow and is only held down by the pin 9. Consequently as the tooth 18 passes above the pin 9 the operating-lever will be moved by the spring 8 and the shutterblades will be swung on their pivots to open the shutter and cause the center at the dia phragm-ring to be unobstructed,the said pin 9 being caught by the hook 22 of the bulb-lever. As the pressure of the hand upon the bulb is released and the release-lever drawn down by the spring 17 the point of the tooth 18 will press downward the bulb-lever and allow the pin 9 to pass clear of the hook 22 and be caught by the toothed end of the time-lever 'n, the parts remaining in this position holding the shutter-blades wide open until a second pressure of the hand upon the bulb raises the release-lever land permits the op crating-lever, by its spring 8, to return to its Presuming that the operating-lenormal position and close the shutter-blades. If now the cam-ring is moved toward the right, so that the pointer 8 comes to the position B, or bulb, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) and which position of the cam-ring s corresponds with that shown in Fig. 5, the pin 2 1 has been moved by the slot 31 so as to swing the time-lever n in its relation to the release -lever Z into the position shown in Figs. 5 and 8, where'the toothed end is held out of the path of the pin 9. If the shutter is now set, as indicated in Figs. 5 and 8, with the pin 9 against the tooth 18 and the releaselever Z be raised by the pressure of the hand upon the bulb, the upward tendency of the lever m will be arrested by the pin 9, and as the tooth 18 passes above the pin 9 and the pin 9 moves along through the slot 14 it will be caught in the hook 22 of the bulb-lever and held therein with the shutter-blades full open so long as the hand-pressure is main tained upon the bulb, and as soon as the hand-pressure is released the spring 17 will draw down the release-lever and the tooth 18 carry down the bulb-lever, liberating the pin 9, which will be free to move to the left hand through the balance of its movement along the slot 14, returning the parts to a normal position and closing the shutter. If now the cam-ring s is turned farther toward the right, so that the pointers is brought to the line indicated by I for instantaneous on Fig. 8, the pin 2% of the time-lever is kept in the same concentric part of the slot 31, but the cam-surface 32 is changed with relation to the pin 21 of the bulb-lever, so that the said pin 21 rests against the surface of the cam edge 32 most distant from the axial center of the shutter, the said surface holding the said bulb-lever so that it cannot move with the movements of the other parts. In this position when the shutter is set and the pin 9, as shown in Fig. 8, is caught by the tooth 18 of the release-lever Z the upward movement of the release-lever by the pressure of the bulb will cause the tooth 18 to pass above the pin 9 and leave the pin 9 free to travel the entire distance of its movement in the slot 14 at the highest speed of the shutter caused by the strength of the spring 8, and so to open and close the shutter-blades. In-this and the after movement of the shutter mechanism the pause hereinbefore spoken of has a technical advantage, because the first movement of opening the shutter by the pin 13 passing up the first incline of the slot 11 opens the shutter-blades and the same are kept in a theoretical state of rest while the pin passes over the concentric portion of the groove in the operating-lever 7t before the pin passes down the incline of the slot 11 to close the blades, this pause, together with the inertia of the shutter-blades, making positive the full-open condition of the lens and provides a theoretical state of rest between the quick outward movement of the shutter-leaves and the quick return movement, so that strain on the parts and jar are lessened. The spring 8 may be of any desired strength, according to the highest speed to be given to the shutter. These three movements of time, bulb, and instantaneous are produced by the parts hereinbefore described and shown with reference to Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, and I here remark that some shutters are only made with time, bulb, and instantaneous exposures, because with the bulb exposure it is left to the judgment of the operator of the shutter what length of time the bulb shall be held under pressure and the shutter open, it being possible with this movement to give a very short open-and-shut exposure or one of any desired length of time up to several seconds. By reference to Fig. 6 it will be noticed that the cam-slot 33 has a portion that is concentric to the axial center of the shutter-case and a part that is gradually curved away from the center, and during the movement of the cam-ring s for the positions of time, bulb, and instantaneous the pin 26 of the lifting-lever 0 has moved through the concentric portion of the said cam-slot 33, and the further movement of the said cam-ring 3 toward the right-hand tends to gradually and progressively raise the lifting-lever o by its pin 26, so that its pointed free end rises outside of the shutter-case and up into the hood where the same comes into the path of the time-pin on the 0perating-lever 7t. Consequently when the operating-lever is swung to the right to set the shutter, as hereinbefore described, the said pin 10, striking the curved edge of the lifting-lever, will cause an upward movement of the dashpot lever r in proportion as the said lifting-lever is raised, the said lever being raised least for the exposure of the fiftieth of a second and most for the exposure of two seconds, the movement of the shutter-blades by the operating-lever 70 being controlled by the return of the dashpot lever from its upward position to its state of rest.

The full position of the parts (shown in Fig. 9) is that assumed by the lifting-lever 0 when its pin 26 is in the extreme outward end of the cam-slot 33, and the dotted position of the parts in Fig. 9 shows the extent to which the dash-pot lever will be raised by the pin 10 of the operating-lever when the same is brought into a set position. The downward movement of the dash-pot lever is effected by the pin 10 of the spring-actuated operatinglever coming against the edge of the lip projection r of the dash-pot lever and forcing the same downward as the pin 10 travels through its prescribed arc, the shutter meanwhile being full open until the lever is down and the pin 10 with the extreme downward movement passes over the upper end of the said lip projection and the blades close. The

downward movement of the dash-pot lever is therefore comparatively slow in giving an exposure of approximately a couple of seconds, and from this position, Fig. 9, it will be readily understood that as the pin 26 of the lifting-lever is brought nearer to the axial center of the shutter the movement of the dashpot lever will be less, because the lifting-lever will be raised less by the time-pin 10. Consequently the period of open position will become less and less until the maximum speed is reached at the instantaneous point.

The shutter mechanism hereinbefore described is simple and positive in all its movements. The parts are so made that they are susceptible to only a slight extent of wear and are exceedingly compact in relation to the barrel of the lens and occupy much less space than shutters employing an exterior head for controlling the mechanism.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a device for actuating the shutterblades and by which the same maybe set without opening or moving the blades, of a cam-ring adjustable to the several positions of time, bulb and instantaneous, and means actuated thereby for controlling the mechanism actuating the shutter-blades, substantially as set forth.

2. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a device for actuating the shutterblades and by which the said blades may be set without being moved, of a cam-ring adjustable to the several positions of time, bulb and instantaneous, devices placed intermediate of the hereinbefore-stated devices, the position of which is altered by the movement of the adjustable device, and a release-lever acting in connection with said intermediate devices, substantially as set forth.

In a photographic shutter, a device actuating the shutter-blades and by which they may be set without being moved, and which device is constructed to insure a full-opeu movement of the shutter-blades, in combination with an adjustable cam-ringadapted to be moved to the various positions of time, bulb and instantaneous, a release-lever operated by bulb-pressure and parts acting in connection therewith and the movement of which is controlled by the said annular adjustable device for controlling the said exposure, substantially as set forth.

l. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a spring-actuated operating-lever for moving the shutter-blades and by which the same maybe set without beingmoved, of a release-lever, a lever pivoted to the release lever, a lever pivoted to the caseand acting in connection with the release-lever, and an adjustable cam-ring adapted to be set to the positions of time, bulb and instantaneous, whereby the aforesaid levers, independent of the release-lever, are actuated for controlling the various exposures, substantially as set forth.

5. In a photographic shutter, a spring-ac tuated operating-lever having a cam-slot with i opposite inclined portions and an appreciable intermediate portion connecting the approaching ends of the inclined portions, substantially as set forth.

6. In a photographic shutter, a spring-actuated operating-lever having a cam-slotwith opposite inclined portions and an appreciable intermediate portion connecting the approaching ends of the inclined portions and having a groove in the back face of said operating-lever connecting the extreme ends of said slot and which groove is varying in its depth and deepest adjacent to the end of said cam-slot and free end of said lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In a photographic shutter, a spring-actuated operating-lever having a cam-slot with opposite inclined portions and an appreciable intermediate portion connecting the approaching ends of the inclined portions and having a groove in the back face of said 0perating-lever connecting the extreme ends of said slot and which groove is varying in its depth and deepest adjacent to the end of the cam-slot and free end of said lever and a yokelever and a pin projecting from the yokelever and passing through the slot of the operating-lever, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the back of the case and the shutterblades and pivots for the said blades, of plates pivoted to the pivots of the shutter-blades and coming between the blades and the case and having upturned ends passing through holes in the shutter-blades, and means for engaging the upturned ends to operate the shutter-blades, substantially as set forth.

9. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the back of the case and the shutterblades and pivots for the said blades, of plates pivoted to the pivots of the shutter-blades and coming between the blades and the case, and having upturned ends passing through holes in the shutter-blades, and a yoke-lever having slots for the pivots of the shutterblades and for the upturned ends of the said plates, and means for engaging and moving the said yoke-lever for effecting the movements of the shutter-blades, substantially as set forth.

10. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the back of the case and the shutterblades and pivots for the said blades, of plates pivoted to the pivots of the shutter-blades and coming between the blades and the case and having upturned ends passing through holes in the shutter-blades, a yoke-lever having slots for the pivots of the shutter-blades and for the upturned ends of the said plates, and a pin 13 projecting from one surface thereof and an operating-lever pivoted to the back of the case and spring-actuated and having a slot with opposite inclines and an intermediate portion approximately fiat and concentric with the pivot of the said operatinglever, and through which slot the pin of the yoke-lever passes and a groove in the back of the operating-lever for the said pin to pass through in setting the operating-lever, substantially as set forth.

11. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, means for moving the same and the operating-lever for engaging the said means and actuating the shutter, of a stop-pin 9 connected to and projecting from the said operating-lever, a releaselever and a bulb-lever pivoted to the case, a time-lever pivoted to the release-lever, springs for actuating the release and bulb levers and means substantially as specified, for controlling the respective positions of the bulb and time levers for effecting the movements of the shutter, substantially as set forth.

12. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, means for moving the same and the operating-lever for engaging the said means and actuating the shutter, of a stop-pin 9 and a time-pin 10 connected to and projecting from the said operating-lever, a release-lever and a bulb-lever pivoted to the case, a time-lever pivoted to the release-lever, springs for actuating the release and bulb levers, and means substantially as specified for controlling the respective positions of the bulb and time levers for effecting the movements of the shutter, substantially as set forth.

13. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, means for moving the same and the operating-lever for engaging the said means and actuating the shutter, of a stop-pin 9 and a time-pin 1O connected to and projecting from the said operatinglever, a release-lever pivoted to the case and having an end engaging the piston of the aircylinder, a spring for drawing down said lever and a tooth projecting from the under surface of the lever and adapted to engage the said pin 9 and hold the shutter in a set position, a bulb-lever pivoted to the case and having a spring causing the same to move upward and having a hook at its free end to engage the said pin 9, substantially as set forth.

14. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, means for moving the same and the operating-lever for engaging the said means and actuating the shutter, of a stop-pin 9 connected to and projecting from the said operating-lever, a releaselever pivoted to the case and having an end engaging the piston of the air-cylinder, a spring for drawing down said lever and a tooth projecting from the under surface of the lever and adapted to engage the said pin 9, and hold the shutter in a set position, a bulb-lever pivoted to the case and having a spring causing the same to move upward and having a notch at its free end to engage the said pin 9, and a time-lever pivoted to the release-lever and having a toothed end adapted to come into engagement with the said pin 9, and means substantially as set forth for moving the said time-lever in its relation to the release-lever so as to project or retract the said toothed end, substantially as set forth.

15. Inaphotographic shutter, the combination with means for actuating the shutterblades, of a release-lever Z pivoted to the case and having an end Z adapted to engage and be operated by the piston of the air-cylinder, a spring 17 for drawing down the release-lever, a tooth 1S integral with the said releaselever and projecting into the path of the shutter-blade-operating devices for engaging the same and locking the said blades in a set position, a bulb-lever in the same plane as the release-lever, a pivot for connecting the same to the case, and a spring for moving the said bulb-lever upward, the said bulb-lever having a notch 22 at its free end and a projecting pin 21 at its other end, a time-lever pivoted to the release-lever, a pin connected to one end of the time-lever and having a tooth projection at its other end, and a cam-ring adapted to engage the pins of the bulb-lever and time-lever to hold the bulb-lever in a fixed position independent of the release-lever, and for moving the time-lever in its relation to the release-lever for the various exposures of the shutter, substantially as set forth.

16. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades and means, in cluding an operating-lever, for actuating the same, of a time-pin 10 on the operating-lever, a dash-pot, a dash-pot leverpivoted to the case and connected to the dash-pot, a lifting-lever pivoted to the dash-pot lever, a projecting pin upon the lifting-lever, and means substantially as set forth for swinging the lifting-lever on its pivot and progressively elevating and holding the same in a predetermined position, whereby with the movement of the operating-lever the pin 10 engages the liftinglever elevating the dash-pot lever for the various graduated predetermined time exposures, substantially as set forth.

17. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades and means, in cluding an operating-lever, for actuating the same, of a time-pin 10 on the operating-lever, a dash-pot, a dash-pot lever pivoted to the case and connected to the dash-pot, aliftinglever pivoted to the dash-pot lever, a projecting pin upon the lifting-lever, and an annular device adjustable to the various graduated predetermined time exposures, having a slot receiving the pin of the lifting-lever and adapted to progressively change the position thereof, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

18. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the front case a of devices for actuating the shutter-blades, a pin 9 connected therewith and means for limiting the movement of the pin, devices connected to the back of the front case a and between the same and the shutter-actuating devices for engaging the pin of said devices, and means upon the front of the case a for effecting the position of the intermediate devices and controlling the exposures of the shutter, substantially as set forth.

19. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the front and back parts of the case,the shutter-blade-actuating devices connected to the back part of the case and the controlling devices connected to the front part of the case, of ahood above and extending over the parts of the case and covering some of the actuating devices and having on its face graduations for the time, bulb and instantaneous exposures and the graduated predetermined time exposures, substantially as set forth.

20. Inaphotographic shutter, the combination with the case and the barrel, of a camring surrounding the barrel and rotatable thereon, and a ring upon the barrel for holding the said cam-ringin place, said cam-ring having a cam-slot 31 and cam edge 32 form ing part of the cam-ring, and devices actuated thereby with the turning of the cam-ring for controlling the shutter-operating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

21. Inaphotographic shutter, the combination with the case and the barrel, of a camring surrounding the barrel and rotatable thereon, and a ring upon the barrel for holding the said cam-ring in place, said cam-ring having a cam-slot 31 and cam edge 32 and a cam-slot 33 forming part of the cam-ring and devices actuated thereby with the turning of the cam-ring for controlling the shutter-operating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

22. In a photographic shutter in which no head mechanism is employed, a device embracing in itself means forinstantly opening and for instantly closing the shutter-blades and for intermediately holding the same open for a predetermined length of time, means for actuating such device and a device having a single index-pointer for controlling the operations of exposure, substantially as set forth.

23. In a photographic shutter in which no head mechanism is employed, a device embracing in itself means for instantly opening and for instantly closing the shutter-blades and for intermediatelyholdingthe same open for a predetermined length of time, means for actuating such device, separate and independent means for controlling the length of time of the exposure and an annular rotatable device having a single pointer and acting upon the exposure mechanism and independ ent of the time mechanism, substantially as set forth.

24;. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a pneumatic dash-pot, of a dash-pot lever connected thereto and pivoted to the case, a spring for actuating the dash-pot lever, and a lip projection rising from and integral with the dash-pot lever, and a pin connected to the shutter-blade-operating devices coming against the lip projection of the dashpot lever, substantially as. and for the purposes set forth.

25. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a pneumatic dash-pot, of a dash-pot lever connected thereto and pivoted to the case, a spring for actuating the dash-pot lever, and a lip projection rising from and integral with the dash-pot lever, and a pin connected to the shutter-blade-operatin g devices coming against the lip projection of the dashpot lever, and a device connected to the dashpot lever, and means for alteringthe relation of the said device to the dash-pot lever whereby the position of the dash-pot lever and its downward movement are regulated and controlled to govern the exposure, substantially as set forth.

26. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blade-operating mechanism, of a release-lever, a tooth projecting therefrom and adapted to engage a moving part of the shutter mechanism to hold the shutter set, a bulb-lever adapted to also engage the said moving part of the shutter mechanism, the parts being so constructed that the said bulb-lever is thrown out of the path of the said moving part of the shutter mechanism by the return of the release-lever to its normal position, substantially as set forth.

27. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-bladeoperating mechanism, of a release-lever, a tooth projecting therefrom and adapted to engage a moving part of the shutter mechanism to hold the shutter set, a bulb-lever adapted to also engage the said moving part of the shutter mechanism, the parts being so constructed that the said bulb-lever is thrown out of the path of the said moving part of the shutter mechanism by the return movement of the release-lever to its normal position, and a second lip connected to the release-lever, and means for throwing the same in or out of the path of the moving part of the shutter-operating mechanism, substantially as set forth.

28. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blade-operating mechanism, of mechanism for efiecting the time, bulb and instantaneous exposures, an annular device surrounding the lens-barrel and to which a circular forward-and-backward movement may be imparted by hand, and means connected to said annular device for engaging the devices for effecting the time, bulb and instantaneous movements and controlling the same, substantially as specified.

29. In aphotographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blade-operating mechanism, of mechanism for effecting the time, bulb and instantaneous exposures and also the graduated predetermined time exposures, an annular device to which a forward-andbackward movement maybe imparted around the lens-barrel, and means connected to said annular device for engaging the devices for effecting the time, bulb and instantaneous exposures and also the graduated, predetermined time exposures and controlling the same, substantially as set forth.

30. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, and means for moving the same, of an operating-lever for moving the said exposure mechanism, the said operating-lever having a slot composed of three parts, that is, an upwardly-inclined portion, a downwardly-inclined portion and an intermediate portion formed substantially straight and upon the arc of a circle from the pivotal point of the said operating-lever, substantially as set forth.

31. In a photographic shutter, the combination with the shutter-blades, and means for moving the same, of an operating-lever for moving the said exposure mechanism, the said operatingdever having a slot composed of three parts or members, that is, an upwardly-inclined portion, a downwardly inclined portion and an intermediate portion formed substantially straight and upon the arc of a circle from the pivotal point of the said operating-lever, and the extreme ends of the inclined portions of the slot connected by a groove in the back surface of the lever of varying depth providing for the return movement and the engagement by the device upon the shutter mechanism engaged by the operating-lever, substantially as set forth.

In a photographic shutter, the combination with spring-actuated operating and release levers and the parts connected thereby, of an independent finger-lever c centrally pivoted at the back of and extending across the case and having a tail end coming beneath the end of the release-lever, and devices for limiting the movements thereof, whereby the parts may be operated by hand if desired, substantially as specified.

33. In a photographic shutter the combination with a spring-actuated operating-lever and a pin 10 thereon, of a dash-pot lever having a rising projection and lifting-lever pivoted together and means for determining the position of the lifting-lever whereby the pin 10 in the movement of the operating-lever comes against the lifting-lever and raises the dash-pot lever and the dash-pot lever arrests the movement of the operating-lever substantially as specified.

Signed by me this 28th day of June, A. D. 1900.

GILBERT S. DEY.

Witnesses:

H. J. STEVENSON, GEORGE A. GILLETTE. 

